Techniques of local anesthesia pdf

Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip to account menu You are currently offline. Some features of the site may not work correctly. Ghoreishizadeh Published Computer Science Down through centuries, efforts have been made to use local anesthesia for treatments. In , the Indians of Peru chewed the leaves of coca shrubs to relieve fatigue and hunger and to produce a feeling of exhilaration.

A chemical with some anesthetic property was first introduced in… Expand. Save to Library Save. Create Alert Alert. Share This Paper. You are reading a preview. Create your free account to continue reading. Sign Up. Upcoming SlideShare. Local anesthesia techniques.

Embed Size px. Start on. Show related SlideShares at end. WordPress Shortcode. Share Email. Top clipped slide. Techniques of Local Anesthesia Jan. IAU Dent Follow. Anesthetic techniques - Maxillary anesthetic techniques. Local anesthetics,drugs, doses,theories, mechanisms. Burning mouth syndrome. Local anesthetics. Related Books Free with a 30 day trial from Scribd. Related Audiobooks Free with a 30 day trial from Scribd. Empath Up! Techniques of Local Anesthesia 1.

Wael M. Objectives Knowledge of the classification of local anesthesia 2. Indications for each technique 3. Details on how to perform different techniques of local anesthesia 1. A can be produced by the action of L. A agent on either the free nerve endings , the terminal nerve endings or the main trunk of the nerve 4. A agent to accessible structures e. Topical anaesthesia has a limited effect on the free nerve endings 5.

A solution 6. I - Soft tissue infiltration anaesthesia 1. Submucous infiltration : accomplished by inserting the needle beneath the mucosal layer and depositing the solution so that it diffuses in this particular plane. Supra-periosteal Para-periosteal infiltration : accomplished by depositing the solution beside the periosteum and not above it.

Sub-periosteal infiltration : difficult and painful Field block infiltration 9. Intra-bony infiltration Intra-osseous infiltration : the cortical plate is penetrated and the solution is injected into the spongy bone, thus terminal nerve endings are anesthetized. Inter-septal infiltration : needle is inserted into the thin porous inter-septal bone on either side of the tooth to be anesthetized.

The solution is then forced under pressure into the cancellous bone. A solution is deposited in close proximity to the main nerve trunk supplying the operative field Factors that influence the choice of local anaesthetic technique 1 The area to be anaesthetized 2 Extent of the surgical procedures 3 Duration of the required anaesthesia Factors that influence the choice of local anaesthetic technique 4 Haemostasis 5 Presence of infection 6 Age of the patient Contraindications of local anaesthesia 1.

Patient refusal due to fear and apprehension Presence of infection Allergy Uncooperative patient as epileptic or mental Major surgery Patients with hyperthyrodism in whom local anaesthia may precipitate a thyroid crysis Patients with severe renal or liver disease Advantages of local over general anaesthesia 1.

Safety intraoperatively and postoperatively Ease of administration Less cost Co-operation of the patient Unlimited operating time Reduce bleeding during surgery Patient is unfit for general anesthesia Factors affecting the maximum effect of local anesthesia Distance of the nerve in contact with the drug : at least mm of the nerve should be in contact with the drug nodes of Ranvier 2.

Size of the nerve fiber : the larger the fiber, the more difficult it is to be anesthetized 3. Drug concentration 1. Injection procedure 1. Follow shortest way inside tissue. Never bend to change direction Maxillary infiltration anaesthesia Position of the patient: The patient is placed with the maxillary occlusal plane 45 degree with the floor Position of the operator: The operator stands on right side and front of the patient Labial infiltration To achieve this, the needle is derived from the opposite side.

Palatal infiltration Mandibular infiltration anaesthesia Position of the operator: The operator stands on right side and front of the patient Maxillary nerve block 1 Posterior superior alveolar N. B 2 Infra Orbital N. B 3 Nasopalatine N. The Cartridge 8. Additional Armamentarium 9. Preparation of the Armamentarium. Physical and Psychological Evaluation Basic Injection Technique Anatomical Considerations Techniques of Maxillary Anesthesia Techniques of Mandibular Anesthesia Supplemental Injection Techniques Local Anesthetic Considerations in Dental Specialties.

Local Complications Systemic Complications Problems in Achieving Pain Control Recent Advances in Local Anesthesia